蘋果Apple CEO賈伯斯Steve Jobs 對史丹佛畢業生演講(1of3)

今天，很榮幸來到各位從世界上最好的學校之一畢業的畢業典禮上。我從來沒從大學畢業過，說實話，這是我離大學畢業最近的一刻。今天，我只說三個故事，不談大道理，三個故事就好。

第一個故事，是關於人生中的點點滴滴如何串連在一起。

我在里德學院（Reed College）待了六個月就辦休學了。到我退學前，一共休學了十八個月。那麼，我為什麼休學？（聽眾笑）這得從我出生前講起。我的親生母親當時是個研究生，年輕未婚媽媽，她決定讓別人收養我。她強烈覺得應該讓有大學畢業的人收養我，所以我出生時，她就準備讓我被一對律師夫婦收養。但是這對夫妻到了最後一刻反悔了，他們想收養女孩。所以在等待收養名單上的一對夫妻，我的養父母，在一天半夜裡接到一通電話， 問他們「有一名意外出生的男孩，你們要認養他嗎？」而他們的回答是「當然要」。

後來，我的生母發現，我現在的媽媽從來沒有大學畢業，我現在的爸爸則連高中畢業也沒有。她拒絕在認養文件上做最後簽字。直到幾個月後，我的養父母保證將來一定會讓我上大學，她的態度才軟化。十七年後，我上大學了。但是當時我無知地選了一所學費幾乎跟史丹佛一樣貴的大學（聽眾笑），我那工人階級的父母將所有積蓄都花在我的學費上。

六個月後，我看不出唸這個書的價值何在。那時候，我不知道這輩子要幹什麼，也不知道唸大學能對我有什麼幫助，只知道我為了唸這個書，花光了我父母這輩子的所有積蓄。所以，我決定休學，相信船到橋頭自然直。當時這個決定看來相當可怕，可是現在看來，那是我這輩子做過最好的決定之一。（聽眾笑）

當我休學之後，我再也不用上我沒興趣的必修課，把時間拿去聽那些我有興趣的課。這一點也不浪漫。我沒有宿舍，所以我睡在友人家裡的地板上，靠著回收可樂空罐的退費五分錢買吃的。每個星期天晚上得走七哩的路，繞過大半個鎮 去印度教的 Hare Krishna 神廟吃頓好料，我喜歡 Hare Krishna 神廟的好料。

就這樣追隨我的好奇與直覺，大部分我所投入過的事務，後來看來都成了無比珍貴的經歷（And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on ）。

舉個例來說。當時里德學院有著大概是全國最好的書寫教育。校園內的每一張海報上，每個抽屜的標籤上，都是美麗的手寫字。因為我休學了，可以不照正常選課程序來，所以我跑去上書寫課。 我學了 serif 與 sanserif 字體，學到在不同字母組合間變更字間距，學到活字印刷偉大的地方。書寫的美好、歷史感與藝術感是科學所無法掌握的，我覺得這很迷人。我沒預期過學這些東西能在我生活中起些什麼實際作用，不過十年後，當我在設計第一台麥金塔時，我想起了當時所學的東西，所以把這些東西都設計進了麥金塔裡，這是第一台能印刷出漂亮東西的電腦。如果我沒沉溺於那樣一門課裡，麥金塔可能就不會有多重字體跟等比例間距字體了。

又因為 Windows抄襲了麥金塔的使用方式（聽眾鼓掌大笑）。因此，如果當年我沒有休學，沒有去上那門書寫課，大概所有的個人電腦都不會有這些東西，印不出現在我們看到的漂亮的字來了。當然，當我還在大學裡時，不可能把這些點點滴滴預先串連在一起，但在十年後的今天回顧，一切就顯得非常清楚。

我再說一次，你無法預先把點點滴滴串連起來；只有在未來回顧時，你才會明白那些點點滴滴是如何串在一起的（you can't connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards ）。

所以你得相信，眼前你經歷的種種，將來多少會連結在一起。你得信任某個東西，直覺也好， 命運也好，生命也好，或者業力。這種作法從來沒讓我失望，我的人生因此變得完全不同。（ Jobs停下來喝水）

蘋果Apple CEO賈伯斯Steve Jobs 對史丹佛畢業生演講 (2of3)

我的第二個故事，是有關愛與失去。

我很幸運－年輕時就發現自己愛做什麼事。我二十歲時，跟 Steve Wozniak在我爸媽的車庫裡開始了蘋果電腦的事業。我們拚命工作，蘋果電腦在十年間從一間車庫裡的兩個小夥子擴展，成了一家員工超過四千人、市價二十億美金的公司。

在那事件之前一年推出了我們最棒的作品－麥金塔電腦（ Macintosh），那時我才剛邁入三十歲；然後，我被解僱了。我怎麼會被自己創辦的公司給解僱了？（聽眾笑）嗯，當蘋果電腦成長後，我請了一個我以為在經營公司上很有才幹的傢伙來，他在頭幾年也確實幹得不錯。可是我們對未來的願景不同，最後只好分道揚鑣，董事會站在他那邊，就這樣在我 30歲的時候，公開把我給解僱了。

我失去了整個生活的重心，我的人生就這樣被摧毀。有幾個月，我不知道要做些什麼。我覺得我令企業界的前輩們失望－我把他們交給我的接力棒弄丟了。我見了創辦 HP的 David Packard跟創辦Intel的 Bob Noyce，跟他們說很抱歉我把事情給搞砸了。我成了公眾眼中失敗的示範，我甚至想要離開矽谷。但是漸漸的，我發現，我還是喜愛那些我做過的事情，在蘋果電腦中經歷那些事絲毫沒有改變我愛做的事。雖然我被否定了，可是我還是愛做那些事情，所以我決定從頭來過。 當時我沒發現，但現在看來，被蘋果電腦開除，是我所經歷過最好的事情。成功的沉重被從頭來過的輕鬆所取代，每件事情都不那麼確定，讓我自由進入這輩子最有創意的年代。

接下來五年，我開了一家叫做 NeXT 的公司，又開一家叫做 Pixar 的公司，也跟後來的老婆（Laurene）談起了戀愛。Pixar接著製作了世界上第一部全電腦動畫電影，玩具總動員（Toy Story），現在是世界上最成功的動畫製作公司（聽眾鼓掌大笑）。然後，蘋果電腦買下了 NeXT，我回到了蘋果，我們在 NeXT發展的技術成了蘋果電腦後來復興的核心部份。我也有了個美妙的家庭。

我很確定，如果當年蘋果電腦沒開除我，就不會發生這些事情。這帖藥很苦口，可是我想蘋果電腦這個病人需要這帖藥。有候，人生會用磚頭打你的頭。不要喪失信心。我確信我愛我所做的事情，這就是這些年來支持我繼續走下去的唯一理由（I'm convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did）。

你得找出你的最愛，工作上是如此，人生伴侶也是如此。你的工作將佔掉你人生的一大部分，唯一真正獲得滿足的方法就是做你相信是偉大的工作，而唯一做偉大工作的方法是 愛你所做的事（ And the only way to do great work is to love what you do ）。

如果你還沒找到這些事，繼續找，別停頓。盡你全心全力，你知道你一定會找到。而且，如同任何偉大的事業，事情只會隨著時間愈來愈好。所以，在你找到之前，繼續找，別停頓。（聽眾鼓掌， Jobs喝水）

蘋果Apple CEO賈伯斯Steve Jobs 對史丹佛畢業生演講 (3of3)

我的第三個故事，是關於死亡。

當我十七歲時，我讀到一則格言，好像是「把每一天都當成生命中的最後一天，你就會輕鬆自在。（ If you live each day as if it was your last, someday you'll most certainly be right ）」（聽眾笑）

這對我影響深遠， 在過去 33 年裡，我每天早上都會照鏡子，自問：「如果今天是此生最後一日，我今天要做些什麼？」每當我連續太多天都得到一個「沒事做」的答案時，我就知道我必須有所改變了。 提醒自己快死了，是我在人生中面臨重大決定時，所用過最重要的方法。

因為幾乎每件事－所有外界期望、所有的名聲、所有對困窘或失敗的恐懼－在面對死亡時，都消失了，只有最真實重要的東西才會留下（ Remembering that I'll be dead soon is the most important tool I've ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life. Because almost everything - all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure - these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important ）。

提醒自己快死了，是我所知避免掉入畏懼失去的陷阱裡最好的方法。人生不帶來、死不帶去，沒理由不能順心而為。

一年前，我被診斷出癌症。我在早上七點半作斷層掃瞄，在胰臟清楚出現一個腫瘤，我連胰臟是什麼都不知道。醫生告訴我，那幾乎可以確定是一種不治之症，預計我大概活不到三到六個月了。醫生建議我回家，好好跟親人們聚一聚，這是醫生對臨終病人的標準建議。那代表你得試著在幾個月內把你將來十年想跟小孩講的話講完。那代表你得把每件事情搞定，家人才會儘量輕鬆。那代表你得跟人說再見了。我整天想著那個診斷結果，那天晚上做了一次切片，從喉嚨伸入一個內視鏡，穿過胃進到腸子，將探針伸進胰臟，取了一些腫瘤細胞出來。我打了鎮靜劑，不醒人事，但是我老婆在場。她後來跟我說，當醫生們用顯微鏡看過那些細胞後，他們都哭了，因為那是非常少見的一種胰臟癌，可以用手術治好。所以我接受了手術，康復了。（聽眾鼓掌）

這是我最接近死亡的時候，我希望那會繼續是未來幾十年內最接近的一次。經歷此事後，我可以比先前死亡只是純粹想像時，要能更肯定地告訴你們下面這些：沒有人想死。即使那些想上天堂的人，也想活著上天堂。（聽眾笑）

但是死亡是我們共同的終點，沒有人逃得過。這是註定的，因為死亡很可能就是生命中最棒的發明，是生命交替的媒介，送走老人們，給新生代開出道路。現在你們是新生代，但是不久的將來，你們也會逐漸變老，被送出人生的舞台。抱歉講得這麼戲劇化，但是這是真的。你們的時間有限，所以不要浪費時間活在別人的生活裡。不要被教條所侷限-- 盲從教條就是活在別人思考結果裡。不要讓別人的意見淹沒了你內在的心聲。

最重要的，擁有追隨自己內心與直覺的勇氣，你的內心與直覺多少已經知道你真正想要成為什麼樣的人（have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become），任何其他事物都是次要的。（聽眾鼓掌）

在我年輕時，有本神奇的雜誌叫做 《Whole Earth Catalog》，當年這可是我們的經典讀物。那是位住在離這不遠的 Menlo Park 的 Stewart Brand發行的，他把雜誌辦得很有詩意。那是 1960年代末期，個人電腦跟桌上出版還沒出現，所有內容都是打字機、剪刀跟拍立得相機做出來的。雜誌內容有點像印在紙上的平面 Google，在Google 出現之前35年就有了：這本雜誌很理想主義，充滿新奇工具與偉的見解。

Stewart 跟他的團隊出版了好幾期的《Whole Earth Catalog》，然後很自然的，最後出了停刊號。當時是 1970 年代中期，我正是你們現在這個年齡的時候。在停刊號的封底，有張清晨鄉間小路的照片，那種你四處搭便車冒險旅行時會經過的鄉間小路。在照片下印了行小字：

求知若飢，虛心若愚（Stay Hungry , Stay Foolish）。

那是他們親筆寫下的告別訊息，我總是以此自許。當你們畢業，展開新生活，我也以此祝福你們。

Italy - Florence and Pisa

Center of Florence, a very scenic city, blends with old architectural

buildings and the nature. 歐洲很重視環保, 河川都很清潔. 看了都開心!

Want to buy branded stuff? LV, Prada, Channel or Gucci?

Just like Milan, Florence also a fashionable city, selling all

these goodies, goodies. 任君選購, 應有盡有, 只怕沒錢!

Hmmm....Very tempting for ladies! Who don't want LV?

How romantic and pleasurable to have the dinner with local

wine and food by enclosing with the nature. 悠悠自在，雅遊樂天！

快樂似神仙， 人生還有甚麼煩惱?

In Pisa, row and row of shops at tourist spots, selling

different varieties of products and souvenirs. Actually, it is very

difficult resisting not to buy! That's the human nature,

always want more! what to do! Haha....

Carved marble columns in one of the ancient buildings

鬼斧神工，精緻細膩

Wow, impressive! The columns with artistic carvings

and yet still fulfill the good engineering requirements.

Still can act as the load supporting columns!

Don't forget, thousand years ago, already

blended with engineering and art. Awesome!

As a civil engineer, I deeply salute!

I like churches in Europe, always enhance a mood

and atmosphere, feeling peaceful. I think the ambient

surroundings, with antique, fine carved structures

that attracted me to stay long there, just reluctant to leave!

When night fell, with chill air, strolling around these ancient

structures, was totally another experience, especially alone!

This building is the facade of the Cathedral.

Baptistery- part of church that used for baptism.

This is the world famous ancient church, also a tourist

spot in Florence. Always attracts a lot of tourist.

Below pix, is the open air Italian Restaurant. Enjoyed the genuine

Italian food with fine wine here. Don't miss this, 難得品嚐!

Michelangelo's David- A masterpiece of Renaissance sculpture.

The artist is an Italian called Michelangelo, created between

1501 to 1504. Represent a heroic male nude ready for combat.

This kind of artistic, beautiful and fine statues

are very common in this city and can be seen

in most ancient buildings and historic sites.

Exquisitely fine work, a catchy sight when walkabout.

Was this for real? With the surrounding of antique buildings I thought it

was in the ancient time of Roman Empire! Except the people with modern cloths...

Walking in this city, like lost in time zone (時光隧道) and back to the past. Blissful!

On the way to Pisa, could see sunflowers on both sides

of road, look like our paddy field... Oh...reminded me of my

childhood days in Kedah, the 'rice bowl' of Malaysia! Here is

totally another experience, lack of hot and humid.

Another city, Pisa, where Leaning Tower situated. Malaysia

has Ann Soon Tower (安順), in Perak. Also a Leaning Tower,

I had been there before, but it was built with wood.

At the heart of Pisa, this famous Cathedral Square, they called

'Piazza Del Duomo' is one of the FOUR great religious/historic sites.

(Leaning Tower, Baptistry, Camposanto & Duomo) When coming to

Florence and Pisa, should never miss these places.

Ladies' moment of chatting, may I join you? Sat & talked at the center

of walk way, like no body business ... ha, this is the way of life...

Leisure, freedom and relaxed... Who don't want? Just love it!

逍遙自在！

Curious, what this tiny shop was selling? It looked unique

with artistic decorations that attracted my attention at

one corner of back lane.

Enjoying morning jogging, crisscrossing the streets of

ancient and modern, and lost in the midst old antique buildings.

Stepped on path of the Italy marble in the old fashioned back lanes.

You will never forget this experience for whole life! Give a chance,

and come to this beautiful ancient city....Welcome you!

With much persuasion and strong recommendation from my friends, they told me that Florence is very scenic, since I like nature and ancient engineering with artistic buildings, this is the place I should go. So I took train from Venice to Florence.

Yes, it is worldwide recognized that Florence is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. If you are interested in cultural heritage, historical sites, architecture, arts, antiques, and ancient buildings, like churches, museums, that is the place you should visit. This city was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1982.

I really enjoyed walking around the city, you can study the architectural aspects of the ancient buildings, which related to its historical background. Everywhere you walk are historic sites and ancient buildings! So the whole city is a biggest museum in the world! I just followed my own natural pace and instinct that led me around the city. It was amazing & awesome especially walked the night through, a ghostly feeling but peaceful and calm! Like you were back to those days in Roman Empire, you were one of them and walked with them! Want to try? Haha...

Coming to this kind of place, just to enjoy the leisure, freedom and peace of mind, without rushing here and there. Everywhere you walk, could see the Italy marble, and walking on it was the ancient relic and historical piece! Ha, Italy marble costs a bomb in Malaysia with this choice of luxury fittings as renovation! But here, it is everywhere.

Another city not far away from Florence, is Pisa, well known for its leaning Tower. From Pisa Galileo Galilei International Airport, I took a flight to London, ended my journey in Italy.

Ending is always follows with a new beginning, so soon will start a new journey again...

Wisdom- Dealing with the Negative Aspects of Life

Life is like climbing the Great Walls, ups & downs

1. During these 70-80 years in this earth, we must learn to understand and manage this life well. When life comes and reaches to certain stage, there is always certain thing comes up or happens, it either leads to happiness or suffering.
2. For instance, during your 4 years university life, you had encountered different situations, some good and some not so good. And you had passed through and also learned from them. Now, come to the early stage of your work & career life, thing will come on its way, sometimes make you happy, sometimes sad and worried.
3. If you have wisdom, when emotion comes, it is no need for us to resist, worry and fight back, or filling with remorse and being angry to someone, you think he or she makes your life suffer. No! No one makes our lives suffer, this is the nature of life itself, it is like that, life is part of nature. When it happens, it happens, no one to be blamed! It is ONLY your emotion and reaction make you feel suffer and think negative to someone or situation.
4. Be careful to emotion, it always leads us to do thing or say thing negatively! But emotion also makes you learn from it. Learn to respond to the circumstances rather than react. This is important to deal with life. Respond with wisdom.
5. Try to UNDERSTAND your emotion when it comes to you, it is trying to tell you something. So learn the positive aspect from it and accept its coming to your life at that moment and appreciate it too! Don't reject it, rejection makes you more suffer. Rejection or suppression goes against its nature, due to not understanding the nature of life.
6. Understand and learn from it, after that, calmly let go that emotion (not resist, react or worry) but live with it, as long as it lasts. Anyway, try not to be affected by it, or minimize its impact to your life. It can be done, if you put effort to understand the nature of emotion, and life in general.
7. I know it is not easy, but can practice, understand and finally manage the emotion. What to do? Dealing with emotion is part and parcel of life. If we can wisely manage it, then we can live wisely and calmly, when going through ups and downs in our lives.
8. Remember, the meaning of life is to let us learn its meaning by living WITH it. So live with it and learn from it. Be patient to observe your life, NOT to react when situation comes, whether good or bad, happy or not happy. This is the MOST profound wisdom that we should learn in life. With this wisdom you can lead a happy and calm life.
9. I hope you can read this carefully, attentively for deeper understanding and finally you can learn the skill of managing your worry and emotional aspect of life.
10. Be at peace with yourself. Thank you for sharing your life.

“I’m not sure who’s going first, whether she or me.”

Mrs Lee Kuan Yew, the wife of Singapore’s founding father, died today at 5.40 pm at age 89, the Straits Times reported.

In an unusually frank interview last month, Lee Kuan Yew said his wife’s illness was one of the hardest things for him to face.

“What to do? What else can I do?” he told the New York Times. “I can’t break down. Life has got to go on. I try to busy myself, but from time to time in idle moments, my mind goes back to the happy days we were up and about together.”

“She understands when I talk to her, which I do every night,” he added. “She keeps awake for me; I tell her about my day’s work, read her favourite poems.”

“I told her, ‘I would try and keep you company for as long as I can.’ That’s life. She understood.”

But he also said: “I’m not sure who’s going first, whether she or me.”

“I wanted someone my equal, not someone who was not really grown up and needed looking after. And I was not likely to find another girl who was my equal and shared my interests,” Lee wrote in the first volume of his memoirs, The Singapore Story.

Although I know little of his wife, Mr. Lee Kuan Yew always inspired me with his legacy for the extremely successful story of Singapore. With his integrity and profound worldly wisdom, he is one of the few people in the contemporary history that has gained my full respect and highest regard.

人去樓空，鐵漢柔情。

當面臨悲歡離合的無奈，李光耀也有感性的一面。六十二年的恩愛夫妻生活，人間稀有，深深感受，十分欽佩，令人感慨难忘。對他們人生的成就而言，也沒有甚麼好遺憾了，因為他已經有了全世界：才智，權力，名利，婚姻.... 如果有的話，我想李先生要的是永遠能继续和他太太這樣恩愛的生活下去......当然是不可能。

這使我想起Micheal Jason。也許那幾十年，他們擁有全世界，過的是富貴榮華，天堂似的生活，但面對生命的過程，卻是很無奈的，每个人都要經過生，老，病，死。在這一方面，大家平等。人生像在演戲，每個人都是主角，有獨特的角色。戲會演完的時候，脫下戲服，各自孤獨 '回家’。妳我的緣份，是好，是壞，就只存在這部戲的回憶裡。每部戲都有結束的时候，如果还有緣份的話，就在下一部戲再見吧！唉，人生就是戲，有时演的精彩，也有演的差的时候，不必太在乎，戲也是人生嘛！

寻寻觅觅，冷冷清清，凄凄，惨惨....当下是李光耀的心境吧，就像李清照的诗句，充满傷感的意味。有時想一想，人生有甚麼好計較，愛也好，恨也好，在一起或分开，幸福或痛苦，有錢，沒錢....最後，還不是黃土一堆，妳一堆，我一堆，塵歸塵，土歸土，也由不得妳我的选择。緣已盡時，該走的時候，就走啦；該離開的時候，就離開，散聚無常。如果沒有智慧去了解，看透它的無常，都會覺得话的痛苦，無奈。生，死，離，別，也是生命的一部份，是自然的定律，從國王到乞丐都逃避不掉的！

得一日糧斋，且过一日，有几天缘分，便住几天。就是说明做一天和尚，撞一天钟，和尚去了，庙子空的洒脱境界。天下没有不散的宴會。人生何尝不是? 不管是亲情，爱情，婚姻，或生死，不管是9年或是89年，时间一到：

Game is over and goodbye my dear! 戲也演完了，親愛的再見............ 哦，還是不再見好！

Anicca, 无常也，這就是人生的真諦!

ALEXANDER THE GREAT'S LAST WORDS

" Ice melts when heated "

"Eyes melt when hated"

Alexander, after conquering many kingdoms, was returning home. On the way, he fell ill and it took him to his death bed. With death staring him in his face, Alexander realized how his conquests, his great army, his sharp sword and all his wealth were of no consequence. He now longed to reach home to see his mother's face and bid her his last adieu. But, he had to accept the fact that his sinking health would not permit him to reach his distant homeland. So, the mighty conqueror lay prostrate and pale, helplessly waiting to breathe his last.

He called his generals and said, "I will depart from this world soon, I have three wishes, please carry out them out without fail."

With tears flowing down their cheeks, the generals agreed to abide by their king's last wishes.

"My first desire is that", said Alexander, "My physicians alone must carry my coffin." After a pause, he continued, "Secondly, I desire that when my coffin is being carried to the grave, the path leading to the graveyard be strewn with gold, silver and precious stones which I have collected in my treasury".

The king felt exhausted after saying this. He took a minute's rest and continued. "My third and last wish is that both my hands be kept dangling out of my coffin".

The people who had gathered there wondered at the king's strange wishes. But no one dared bring the question to their lips.. Alexander's favorite general kissed his hand and pressed them to his heart. "O king, we assure you that your wishes will all be fulfilled. But tell us why do you make such strange wishes?"

At this Alexander took a deep breath and said: "I would like the world to know of the three lessons I have just learnt.

Lessons to learn from last 3 wishes of King Alexander...

I want my physicians to carry my coffin because people should realize that no doctor can really cure any body. They are powerless and cannot save a person from the clutches of death. So let not people take life for granted.

The second wish of strewing gold, silver and other riches on the way to the graveyard is to tell People that not even a fraction of gold will come with me. I spent all my life earning riches but cannot take anything with me. Let people realize that it is a sheer waste of time to chase wealth.

And about my third wish of having my hands dangling out of the coffin, I wish people to know that I came empty handed into this world and empty handed I go out of this world".

With these words, the king closed his eyes. Soon he let death conquer him and breathed his last. . . .

LESSONS TO LEARN

Remember, your good health is in your own hands, look after it. Wealth is only meaningful when you use the wealth wisely and meaningfully, NOT to satisfy only to your OWN GREED! And you can enjoy it while you are still alive and kicking. So make life meaningfully while you still are alive, and don't waste your time.

What you do for yourself, good or bad, dies with you but what you do for others, lives on. So don't do bad and evil things to others, these will only make people curse you and hate you after your death.

It is called "Legacy."